👨👩👧👦What is primary and secondary infertility?
Among couples planning to have children, there are many questions about what primary infertility is, what secondary infertility is, and what causes these conditions. In modern medicine, the problem of infertility has been extensively studied, and in most cases, it is possible to identify and treat its causes.
According to the recommendations of specialists, if a couple is having regular unprotected sexual intercourse and pregnancy does not occur within 12 months, it is recommended to consult a reproductologist or a reproductive health specialist. For women over 35, this period is set at 6 months.
What is primary infertility?
The concept of primary infertility
Primary infertility is a condition where a couple has not achieved pregnancy for at least one year, despite having regular unprotected sexual intercourse. In this case, the woman has never been pregnant before.
This condition may be related to problems in the female or male reproductive system, hormonal imbalances, or other factors.
What is secondary infertility?
The concept of secondary infertility
Secondary infertility is a condition where a couple has previously achieved pregnancy, but pregnancy does not occur when they try to have more children later.
This can occur after the birth of the first child or after a previous pregnancy. Many couples think there will be no problem because there was a previous pregnancy, but reproductive health can change over time.
Causes of secondary infertility
Causes in women
Among the causes of secondary infertility, the following are common:
- increasing age and decreased ovarian reserve;
- ovulation disorders;
- polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS);
- endometriosis;
- inflammation in the uterus or fallopian tubes;
- adhesions resulting from previous surgeries;
- hormonal problems.
Causes in men
Sometimes the problem may be related to the male reproductive system. Therefore, the examination should not be limited to the woman only.
Causes of male infertility
Factors affecting male reproductive health
Causes of infertility in men may include the following:
- low sperm count;
- decreased sperm motility;
- abnormal sperm morphology;
- varicocele;
- hormonal imbalances;
- sexually transmitted infections;
- regular smoking and alcohol consumption;
- excess weight and chronic stress.
According to research, a certain proportion of infertility cases are related to the male factor. Therefore, a spermogram test is an important diagnostic step.
Causes of female infertility
Most common factors
Causes of infertility in women can vary:
Problems related to ovulation
If ovulation is not regular or is not observed at all, the probability of pregnancy decreases.
Impairment of fallopian tube patency
Adhesions may form in the fallopian tubes after inflammatory diseases or surgeries.
Endometriosis
Endometriosis can negatively affect the normal functioning of reproductive organs, making it difficult to achieve pregnancy.
Problems related to the uterus
Polyps, fibroids, or congenital anatomical changes can also prevent pregnancy.
How is infertility diagnosed?
Modern diagnostic methods
Reproductologist may recommend the following tests:
- hormonal tests;
- ovulation assessment;
- ultrasound examination;
- AMH (Anti-Müllerian Hormone) test;
- checking fallopian tube patency;
- spermogram;
- genetic tests if necessary.
Is infertility treatable?
Modern medical capabilities
Today, many causes of infertility can be treated. The treatment method is chosen based on the identified problem:
- medication treatment;
- hormonal therapy;
- surgical methods;
- ovulation stimulation;
- insemination;
- IVF (EKO) and other assisted reproductive technologies.
Conclusion
The most important aspect is that both conditions can be related to various causes. Both the causes of infertility in women and the causes of infertility in men are identified with the help of modern diagnostics.
🩺 Most importantly, an infertility diagnosis does not mean hopelessness. Consulting a reproductologist in time and undergoing a full examination significantly increases the chances of finding a solution to the problem.
📞 For appointments and if you have questions, please contact: +998 (78) 555-55-65.
📨 Source: Telegram: @eko_iksi_clinic